Victoria amazonica
Giant Water Lily
Description
Victoria amazonica is a species of flowering plant, the largest of the water lily family Nymphaeaceae. It is native to the shallow waters of the Amazon River basin, such as oxbow lakes and bayous. It has very large leaves, up to 3 m (10 ft) in diameter, that float on the water's surface on a submerged stalk, 7–8 m (23–26 ft) in length.
The species has large flowers, 10–12 in (25–30 cm) in diameter, that open at dusk and close the following day. The flowers are white the first night they are open and become pink the second night. They are pollinated by beetles.
The leaves are so large and buoyant that they can support the weight of a small child, though this is generally not advised. The underside of the leaf contains sharp spines, possibly to protect against fish and manatees that might eat the plant.
Taxonomy
Kingdom:
Plantae
Clade:
Angiosperms
Order:
Nymphaeales
Family:
Nymphaeaceae
Genus:
Victoria
Species:
V. amazonica
Binomial name:
Victoria amazonica (Poepp.) J.C. Sowerby
Habitat & Distribution
Victoria amazonica is native to the shallow waters of the Amazon River basin, including Brazil, Bolivia, Peru, and Colombia. It grows in oxbow lakes, bayous, and other slow-moving freshwater systems.
The plant thrives in tropical climates with high humidity and temperatures between 75-85°F (24-29°C). It requires full sun exposure and nutrient-rich water to support its massive growth.
In its natural habitat, the giant water lily is part of a complex ecosystem, providing shelter for fish and supporting various aquatic insects. The flowers attract specific beetle pollinators that have co-evolved with the plant.
Conservation Status
While not currently listed as endangered, Victoria amazonica faces threats from habitat destruction, water pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts focus on preserving the Amazon's wetland ecosystems where this iconic species grows.
Contributed by
Dr. Maria Santos
Botanist specializing in Amazonian flora
Last updated: March 15, 2025
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